Holistic evaluation of sandwich structures for lightweight construction applications

Mechanical testing of sandwich structures

 

The “Evaluation and Design of Fiber Composite Structures” group focuses on the analysis and evaluation of polymer-based fiber composite materials used in highly stressed lightweight structures and components. Sandwich structures, which consist of a lightweight core and thin but stable cover layers, represent a special class of materials within composite structures.

Both experimental and numerical methods are used to characterize the mechanical behavior of sandwich structures. Depending on the specific application, customized test setups and standardized tests are carried out to evaluate the performance and integrity of these innovative materials.

© Fraunhofer IMWS
4-point bending test with optical measurement
© Fraunhofer IMWS
The drum peel test is used to evaluate the adhesion between the top layer and the core of a sandwich component.

Test methods at Fraunhofer IMWS

 

  • 3PB, 4PB – static, fatigue, four-point bending cycle device
  • Pressure test
  • Shear test
  • Frontal pull test
  • Instrumented impact test
  • Compression After Impact (CAI) test
  • Single cantilever beam (SCB) test
  • Drum peeling test
  • Component testing
  • Dynamic testing
  • Non-destructive testing (CT, ultrasound, thermography)

 

Conditioning

  • -70°C to 180°C (humidity control in the range 10°C – 90°C)
  • Thermal shock cycles
  • Condensation climate

 

Would you like us to test your component? Then get in touch with us!

Methods for evaluating sandwich structures

Modeling and simulation

  • Continuum mechanics simulation / FEM (various software tools: mechanical, thermal, thermo-mechanical)
  • Continuum mechanics nonlinear microstructure modeling
  • Fracture mechanics modeling, material fatigue
  • Numerical optimization methods, design optimization, robustness analyses
  • Numerical parameter identification

 

Our services

  1. Determination of mechanical and physical material properties of sandwich core materials
  2. Development and implementation of component and component tests (e.g., sandwich shells)
  3. Evaluation of the damage tolerance of fiber composite materials and structures using fracture mechanics methods (e.g., for predicting the service life of damaged structures)
  4. Analysis of service life and aging behavior (e.g., under environmental influences)

 

© Fraunhofer IMWS
SCB test (single cantilever beam) on sandwich panels to evaluate crack propagation and characterize the bond between the deck layer and the core layer

Overview of our testing machines

 

Quasi-static

  • 1 N to 400 kN
  • Temperature-controlled

Multi-axis test area

  • Modular/flexible system
  • 7 test cylinders
  • 10 N to 400 kN
  • Up to 250 mm stroke
  • Up to 200 Hz/up to 1.5 m/s²

Dynamic

  • 1 N to 250 kN
  • Up to 10 kN temperature-controlled
  • Maximum test speed of 1 m/s

Drop weight testing machine

  • Max. energy 1800 J
  • Max. speed 24 m/s
  • Temperature-controlled

Tension-torsion testing machine

  • 10 N to 10 kN
  • Temperature-controlled

EM testing machines

  • 1 N to 50 kN
  • Up to 1 m stroke
  • Temperature-controlled

Testing the storage compartment cover of a truck cab made from a thermoplastic sandwich molded part

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