Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS
Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS

Microstructure Analysis

Microstructure analysis is a key element in the development of materials and in the evaluation of their functional properties. For materials used in biological and medical applications, particular attention is given to both surface microstructure and three-dimensional structural characteristics.

Biological materials require specifically adapted preparation techniques that are developed on a case-by-case basis. In addition, advanced analysis software enables comprehensive data processing and visualization, tailored to specific research questions and evaluated according to scientific standards.

 

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Microstructure Analysis of Modern Wound Dressings

Modern wound dressings are typically composite systems composed of high-performance material components. Microstructural analysis enables their detailed visualization and provides valuable insights into key physical properties, such as swelling behavior, as well as liquid and gas transport mechanisms.

 

Microscopic Evaluation of Biological Interactions in Material Systems

Using high-resolution microscopy techniques, targeted preparation methods, and analysis of the surface chemistry of material systems, biological interactions such as cell and plaque adhesion can be examined both qualitatively and quantitatively.

3D Visualization of Biological Systems

µCT provides micrometer-scale resolution, enabling the visualization of minute structures such as bone trabeculae or organ units. Both ex vivo samples and in vivo studies on small animals can be conducted. Unlike other microscopic techniques, µCT is non-destructive, ensuring that samples remain intact.

 

Length and Structural Analyses of Proteins, DNA, and RNA

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is used to visualize macromolecules such as proteins, DNA, and RNA either in solution or immobilized on a surface. This technique also provides detailed information on molecular length and three-dimensional structural features.

A detailed understanding of material microstructure is essential for driving innovation and advancing new technologies. Our comprehensive portfolio provides state-of-the-art methods and technologies for the in-depth analysis of biological materials and materials for medical applications.

Methods for Microstructural Characterization

  • High-resolution imaging of surface structures using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM)
  • Cryo-SEM investigations under cryogenic conditions for native-state analysis of sensitive samples
  • Elemental analysis using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS/EDX) in SEM
  • Topographical and phase analysis using atomic force microscopy (AFM)
  • 3D visualization and quantitative structural analysis of material systems using micro-computed tomography (µ-CT)
  • Light and fluorescence microscopy for the investigation of cell structures, living cells, microorganisms, and biological interactions
  • 2D and 3D surface topography analysis, optical profilometry, and roughness measurements using laser scanning microscopy (LSM)

 

Sample Preparation Methods

In general, optimal sample preparation is the key to successful imaging. Particularly when working with biological materials, a preparation strategy tailored to specific needs must be established before microstructural analysis. The following preparative methods are available for this purpose:

  • Histological and immunohistological sample preparation
  • Material embedding and sectioning (cutting-grinding techniques)
  • Fixation, staining, and contrast enhancement methods for light and electron microscopy
  • Freeze-drying and critical point drying techniques
  • Nano Suit coating and PVD metal coating for electron microscopy
  • Targeted sample preparation for SEM using focused ion beam (FIB) technology

 

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